Fluid compressor



F. A. HALLECK FLUID COMPRESSOR Nov. 8,` 1938.r n

Filed May 3, 1934v 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 8, 1938 UNITEDl STATES FLUID COBIPRESSOR Frank A. Halleck, Michigan City, Ind., assignor to Sullivan Machinery Company, a corporation of Massachusetts Application May 3, 1934, Serial No. 723,655

17 Claims.

cooled type. Another object is to provide an.

improved cooling system for a iiuid compressor or pump. Still another object is to provide an improved cooling system for a fluid compressor or pump and having associated therewith improved cooling means for the pump driving motor and the fluid receiver tank. Yet another object is to provide yan improved fluid compressor or pump having an improved arrangement of parts whereby the same is rendered extremely compact, the compressor unit being arranged in an improved manner between-the driving motor and the receiver tank. Another objectis to provide an improved supercharger for the air intake of an air compressor or pump, the said supercharger being associated with the improved cooling system. A still further object is to provide an improved cooling system for a fluid compressor or pump of the radial cylinder type. These vand other objects will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings there is shown for purposes of illustration one form which the invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings- Fig. 1 is a central longitudinally extending vertical sectional view, with parts in elevation, of the illustrative embodiment of the improved fluid compressor or pump.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the improved compressor unit per se, showing one of the deflector plates.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the compressor cylinders showing a portion of the improved cooling system and the associated supercharger.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view taken on line' driving motor 3 and a receiver tank 4, theele-A The motor 3 is herein preferably of the air l cooled electric type having its rotor 6 horizontally and longitudinally disposed. The casing 1 of this motor is secured to an annular supporting frame 8, herein preferably formed integral with the base 5 and upstanding therefrom in the manner shown. Secured to this annular frame 8, as at 9, is a cylindrical sheet metal housing III, herein having a longitudinal bottom slot II for receiving the pedestal support I2 for the receiver tank 4, and this housing completely encases the compressor unit 2 v,and a major portion of thereceiver tank.

It will herein be noted that the longitudinal axes of the motor, the compressor unit and receiver tank are arranged in substantially longitudinal alinement, with the compressor unit arranged in transverse planes between the adjacent ends of the motor and receiver tank, and the rotor 8 of the motor is pressed on the crank shaft I3 of the compressor unit 2 so that the motor rotor` and compressor crank shaft are united as one and rotate as a unit.

The compressor or pump unit is herein of the radial type and comprises a casing I4 secured, as by bolts, to an end plate I5, the latter in turn having radial arms I6 secured, as by bolts, to the annular supporting frame 8, the arms I6 and end plate forming the support for the complete compressor unit. Also secured to the casing I4 at the side thereof opposite from the end plate I5 is an end plate I 1, and the plates I5 and I1 support ball bearings I8 and I9, respectively, in which the compressor crank shaft I3 is journaled. The plate I'I may be readily removed from the casing I4 to obtain access to the interior of the casing. The compressor unit is herein of the three-cylinder type and comprises cylinders 20 secured to the casing I4 at angles spaced 120 apart, each cylinder having a ange 2I secured by bolts 22 to the casing I4. Although there are three cylinders disclosed herein, it will b e evident that more or less may be employed, if desired. As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, each of the cylinders 2li is'provided with a flange 23 to which there is secured by bolts 24 a cylinder head 25 of improved design, there being interposed between the cyllinder headl and flange 23 cooperating plates 26 and 21 which respectively support inlet and discharge valve mechanisms. 28 and 29, this valve structure being similar to that disclosed in my copending application, Serial No. 583,373, filed pressor cylinder by suitable insulating material- Dec. 26, 1931, now matured into Patent No. 1,996,762, in general disposition of the parts.

Reciprocably mounted in the bores 30 of each of the cylinders is a piston 3|, and as shown in Fig. 1, the piston of the upper cylinder is connected by a connecting rod 32 to the crank 33 of the crank shaft I3, and one of the lowercylinders has a connecting rod 34 pivotally connected at 35 to the connecting rod 32, the other cylinder being similarly connected in this latter manner.

As previously mentioned, the motor 3 and the `compressor unit are air cooled, and the improved cooling means comprises a fan 40 having its hub keyed to the compressor crank shaft i3 and arranged between the adjacent sides of the motor and compressor unit in the manner shown in Fig. 1. This fan draws cool air through openings 4I formed in the motor casing and through the open inner side of the motor casing and the alined opening 42 in the annular supporting frame 8, and also draws cool air through openings 43 in the outer wall of the annular supporting frame 8, and blows the cool air so drawn toward the compressor unit and receiver tank, the fan operating in the cylindrical casingv I and blowing the cool air longitudinally therethrough. Arranged between the radially located cylinders of the compressor unit are sheet metal deilector plates 44, each having its opposite sides converging inwardly toward the cylinders so that the air blown toward the compressor unit by the fan is directed by these deflector plates toward the cylinders, there being provided openings 45 between the inner edges of the deiiector plates and the cylinder walls so that the air is blown past the cylinders toward the receiver tank. To aid in cooling of the cylinders and cylinder heads there are provided radial heat-radiating ns 46 formed circumferentially about the outer wall of the cylinders and transversely arranged heat-radiating fins 41 formed in parallelism on the tops of the cylinder heads, the cooling air being blown across the tops of the heads in a direction lengthwise of the iins 41.

Again referring to the improved head structure for the cylinders, and more particularly to the improved supercharger associated with the cooling means, it will be noted that formed centrally within each vol! the heads 25 is an opening 4B, while arranged centrally within this opening at the inner side of the head is a uid-deilecting portion 49 by which the fluid owing through the intake passage 48 is directed toward the inlet openings oi the inlet valve mechanism. The discharge valve mechanism discharges the compressed fluid into an annular chamber 50 encircling the intake opening 48 and connected by a dischargepipe I to the receiver tank 4. To aid in the cooling of the receiver tank, the latter is provided with radially located heat-dissipating iins 52 formed longitudinally along the eX- terior of the tank, these ilns, as the air is blown longitudinally toward the tank and through the cylindrical casing I0, tending to lower the temperature of the air Within the receiver tank.

Now referring to the improved supercharger for the compressor intake, it will be noted that a curved pipe or pipe elbow 53 is secured herein to each cylinder head, by bolts 54 engaging lateral lugs 55 formed integral with the pipe elbow, and these lugs are heat-insulated from the com- 56 interposed between the lugs and the cylinder head. One end of this curved pipe is directed axially inwardly within the opening 48 in the cylinder head to a position wherein the inner end thereof lies adjacent the deecting portion 49 of the cylinder head, while the opposite end oi.' this pipe is directed rearwardly so that the mouth thereof is bent towards the inner side of the fan 40, so that a certain amount of the air blown by the fan towards the compressor unit is directed into the mouth of .these curved pipes, directly into the intake opening of the cylinder heads so that the air conducted past the inlet valve mechanism 28 into the compressor cylinders is at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric, any surplus air ilowing outwardly from the intake opening in the space between the pipe and the inner walls of the opening, thereby to aid in the cooling of the heads. The cylindrical casing l0 is cut away at 5l to receive the outer curved portions of the supercharger pipes, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

As a result of this invention, it will be noted that an improved fluid compressor or pump is provided of the air cooled type having improved cooling means whereby the elements of the compressor are maintained at relatively low operating temperatures. It will further be noted that by arranging the elements of the compressor in thel manner disclosed and housing the compressor unit and receiver tank, the compressor is rendered extremely compact while the vital parts thereof are eectively shielded. It will further be evident that by the provision of this improved cooling means, it is possible to direct a certain quantity of the cooling huid at a pressure above atmospheric into the compressor cylinder intakes, thereby to form an intake supercharger resulting in a compressor of greater overall etilciency. 'I'hese and other advantages of the improved compressor Will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

While there is in this application specifically described one form which the invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that this form of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modied and embodied in various other Iorms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fluid compressor, a base, a motor on said base, a compressor unit on said base driven by said motor and having cylinders disposed above and below the motor axis, an elongated substantially cylindrical receiver tank! on the base connected with the compressor unit discharge, said motor, compressor unit, and tank axes arranged in substantial alinement, and means including a fan coaxial with the compressor unit for causing a concentrated ilow of cooling fluid past each cylinder and yet providing for cooling the top, bottom, and sides of said receiver tank.

2. In a uid compressor, a cylinder having an intake opening, air cooling means ior said cylinder, and means associated with said cooling means for conducting air under pressure to said compressor cylinder intake and comprising a conduit for receiving a quantity of the cooling iluid and having a portion projecting within said intake opening for conducting the cooling iluid vto the compressor cylinder intake.

3. In a uid compressor, a cylindrical housing, a motor carried at one end of said housing, a compressor unit arranged in said housing, air cooling means for said compressor unit comprising a blower fan driven by the motor and arranged in said housing between said motor and compressor unit for blowing air longitudinally through said housing, and a receiver tank supported within said housing and having cooling ns along which the air blown through said housing iiows for dissipating the heat in said tank.

4. In a fluid compressor, a cylindrical housing, a motor carried at one end of said housing, a compressor unit arranged in said housing, air cooling means for said compressor unit comprising a blower fan driven by the motor and arranged in said housing between said motor and compressor unit for blowing air longitudinally through said housing, and a receiver tank supported within said housing and having cooling fins along which the air blown through said housing iiows for dissipating the heat in said tank, said tank arranged within said housing with its longitudinal axis alined with the compressor unit and motor axes and coincident with a portion of the housing axis.

5. In a iiuid compressor, a base providing an upstanding annular support, a cylindrical houslng secured to said annular support, a motor having its casing secured to said support and 'arranged with its axis alined with the central line of said cylindrical housing, a compressor unit arranged within said housing and driven by said motor and having cylinders extending from points adjacent the inner wall of said housing radially towards the axis thereof, cooling means for said compressor unit comprising a blower ian driven by said motor and arranged between said motor and compressor unit for blowing cool air longitudinally past said compressor unit through said cylindrical housing and means for limiting flow of air through the sectors between the compressor cylinders.

6. In a fluid compressor, a base providing an upstanding annular support, a cylindrical housing secured to said annular support, a motor having its casing secured to said support and arranged with its axis alined with the central line of said cylindrical housing, a compressor unit arranged within said housing and driven by said motor, cooling means for said compressor unit comprising a blower fan driven by said motor and arranged between said motor and compressor unit for blowing cool air longitudinally past said compressor unit through said cylindrical housing, and a receiver tank projecting within said housing and arranged with its axis alined with the axes of said motor and compressor unit and over which the air blown through said housing ows.

comprising a blower fan driven by said motorv and arranged between said motor and compressor unit for blowing cool air longitudinally past said compressor unit through said cylindrical housing, and a receiver tank projecting within said housing and arranged with its axis alined with the axes of said motor and compressor unit and over which the air blown through said housing ows, said tank having longitudinally extending peripheral cooling fins for dissipating the heat of said tank as the air is blown through said housing by said fan.

8. In a fluid compressor, a cylinder having a head, said head having an intake opening, and a curved pipe secured to said head by bolts and heat-insulated from said head, said pipe having a portion projecting centrally within said intake opening.

9. In a Huid compressor, a base, a motor on said base, a compressor unit on said base driven by said motor, an elongated receiver tank arranged lengthwise on said base and supported above the bottom of the latter to permit cooling fluid ow along the lower side thereof, said motor, compressor unit, and receiver tank arranged in end to end relation on said base, a fan driven by power from said motor, and means for directing and maintaining air flow in contact with said compressor unit and the peripheral walls of said tank.

10. In a iluid compressor, a base, a motor on said base, a compressor unit on said base driven by said motor, a receiver tank on said base connected with the compressor unit discharge, said motor, compressor unit and receiver tank disposed coaxially, a fan driven by'power from said motor, and means for concentrating the flow of the air displaced by said fan adjacent the compression spaces of saidcompressor unit as it passes the latter and causing the iiowing air to pass in an annular stream about the periphery of s-aid receiver tank.

11. In a fluid compressor, a cylinder having an intake opening surrounded by a wall forming a boundary for said opening, air cooling means for said cylinder, and means associated with said cooling means and including conduit means leading to said intake opening and cooperating with said wall to provide two distinct passages leading to the compressor intake opening, said conduit means constituting passage means for con-ducting air under pressure to said compressor intake opening, and the space between said conduit means and said wall providing a second distinct intake passage in free communication with the atmosphere.

12. In a fluid compressor, a cylinder having an l ing for conducting the cooling iiuid to the com-r pressor cylinder intake.

13. In a fluid compressor, a cylinder having an intake opening, air cooling means for said cylinder including a device for creating a iiow of air and deflecting devices for diverting air passing laterally of said cylinder towards the latter, and means disposed adjacent the zone of maximum air flow for taking, prior to its reaching" said cyllnder, and conducting air under pressure to said compressor cylinder `intake opening.

14. In combination, a casing, a compressor therein, having cylinders extending radially of said casing, deflectors intermediate said cylinders for deflecting air laterally onta said cylinders, and means for creating a iiow of air through said casing and over each of said cylinders.

15. In combination, .a compressor' having a plurality of cylinders, means for creating a iiow` of cooling uid past said cylinders in parallel, means for conflninglthe path of flow to the zone of said cylinders, and deecting means between said cylinders for directing iluid which would otherwise pass between the same towards and onto said cylinders.

16. In a uid compressor, a cylinder having an intake opening, an annular inlet valve communicating substantially completely around its periphery with said intake opening, a device in said intake opening for deflecting air substantially uniformly to the different circumferential portions of said valve, and means for delivering air to said intake opening at a pressure above atmospheric, discharging axially upon said dev Patent llo., 2,156,559.7

CERTIFICATE oF CORRECTION.,

a higher pressure to said valve, arranged coaxial- 10 ly with the latter.

` FRANK A. HALLECK.

Novemb er 8 1958 FRANK A'. HALLECK.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page l, first column, line 59, after "the" insert cooling-fluidt page 2, second column, line' 8, for tjhe word "mouth" read mouths; page 5, first column, line 58, after "housing" insert a' comme; and that the said Letters Patent should l be readwith this correction therein that the same may conform to the rec` ord of the case in the Patent Office.

ISigned andsealed this 27th day of December, A., D. 1958.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdal e Acting Commissioner `of Patents. 

